Transitioning to IPv6

TransitioningtoIPv6:
In order to supply the demands and to reach the future need n the network there should be a limitless supply of the IP addresses and the an improved mobility. In the IP version 6 (IPv6) which satisfies the complex requirements of the future trend that the hierarchal addressing of the IPv4 is providing. In this the IPv6 uses more different types of addresses which makes the IPv6 more efficient than the IPv4. The following concepts describe its functions and how they are assigned.

In order for the transitioning to the IPv6 from the IPv4 deployments they require a variety of the techniques which are included in the auto-configuration function the transmission mechanism is mostly depend upon the need for the network.

Reasons for using the IPv6:

Approximately 4.3 billion addresses are provided by the Ipv4 address space. And in that address around 3.7 address are actually assignable. And other address which was not assigned are reserved for the some other special other purposes mostly for the private address space, multicasting, loopback testing, and for the testing. On some of industrial figures from the date as of January 1, in 2007 there were about 2.407 billion of the available address in the currently assigned which are either assigned to the end users or the Internet Service Providers (ISPs). And thus makes sense of remaining 1.3 billion addresses for the IPv4 address space.

In the IPv6 address there was a 128- bit binary value, which are displayed as the 32 hexadecimal digits, it also provides the 3.4*1038 IP addresses. And this version of the Ip addressing should provide sufficient and number of networks in order for the future growth requirements. The following tables illustrates the example of difference between the IPv6 and the IPv4 addresses.

IPv4:                                                                                                                          4 Octets

11000000.10101000.11001001.0111000

192.168.201.113

4,294,467,295 IP Addresses

IPv6:                                                                                                                         16 Octets

11010001.11011100.11001001.01110001.11010001.11011100. 11001100.01110001.11010001.11011100.11001001.01110001. 11010001.11011100.11001001.01110001

A524:72D3:2C80:DD02:0029:EC7A:002B:EA73

3.4 x 1038 IP Addresses

And to this type of the technical and the business potentials, there they offers IPv6 virtual of unlimited supply of the IP addresses which are required. This is due to the generous 128 bit addresses space and thus the Ipv6 generates unlimited type of the stock addresses which are more than enough for the allocation of the 4.3 billion type of addresses (which are entire IPv4 internet addresses space) for the each and every human being living in this planet.

The internet and the total IPv6 are fully replaced to the IPv4. And so many people within the internet community are even analysed the issue of the IPv4 address exhaustion and then they publishes their type of reports. According to the exhaustion of the IPv4 the predictions may vary. And some of them predicts that IPv4 address will be exhausted by the 2008 or may be by 2009, and some others define them until 2013 or beyond they will not. However the cannot be disappeared and they simply changes to the IPv6.

Changes are occurring dramatically around the world and the developed countries are already been migrated to the IPv4 to the IPv6.

The IPv6 is more powerful enhancement for the IPv4. There are several Features which are functional and improvements in the IPv6.

Scaling the Network with NAT and PAT

Introduction for PAT:

The device which was in between the internal network and the public network mainly as the computer, router, or a firewall will uses the NAT and they are defined in the RFC 1631.
When in the NAT terminology the network of the inside is the set of subject networks in their translations the other networks are referred as the outside network. These networks are referred as the valid networks which are located on the network.

The following various terms are defined in the NAT terms by the Cisco:

• Inside the Local address: The assigned address IPv4 to a host in the inside network. Then the inside local address is not even likely an IPv4 assigned address from the Network Information Centre or to a service provider.
• Inside the global address: in the IPv4 address which was legitimate is assigned for the service provider or the NIC that are represented in the one or more number of the inside local IPv4 address of the world with was outside.
• Outside the Local address: In the outside host of the IPv4 address is to appear to the network with was inside. Which is not a necessary legitimate when there is an outside local address in the allocated from a routable address on the inside space.
• Outside global address: by the host owner there is a IPv4 address which was assigned in the host from an outside network. And then there is a global outside address which was allocated in a globally routable network space or a routable address.

 

In many forms NAT has work and they work in the following ways:

• Static NAT: In the registered IPv4 (one to one) address there is a unregistered IPv4 address maps. In this the static NAT is useful and particular in the device which was accessible the outside of the network.

• Dynamic NAT: It maps an unregistered IPv4 network address to a certain registered Ipv4 address from the group of a registered IPv4 addresses.

• NAT overloading: In the unregistered multiple maps of Ipv4 address to a single registered address IPv4 (many to one) by using various types of ports. And in this the overloading is also known as a PAT and this a form of the dynamic NAT. 

The following benefits are offered and used in the NAT over the public addressing:

• It will eliminates the need to the readdress of all the hosts which are required in the external access, money and saving the time.
• Application port-level multiplexing is used for the Conserves of the addresses. Internal hosts can share a single type of registered IPv4 address for all type of communications in the external path with help of the NAT. in this type of the configurations, they requires a few external address of the internal hosts to the support, and thus by conserving theIPv4 addresses.
• It will protects the network security. In the private networks they will not advertise their internal topology and addresses, and the data remain reasonably secure when they access the gain controlled external access in the conjunction with the NAT.

 

Managing Address Spaces with nd IPv6

In the IP version 4 which is IPv4 has the limited number of the unique type of network addresses and it is the mostly considered drawback in the system and therefore the internet was running out of the space and to solve this there are two different variants of solutions IP version (IPv6) and (NAT) Network Address Translation.

In this the NAT provides a very short-term type solution to this problem using the IPv4 private addresses into a globally unique, addresses of the IPv4 and for this the IPv6 is the long-term solution and by increasing the size by 128 bits in the IP addresses, in this the IPv6 is uses the total number of addresses that are maximum available and in the following topics discusses the following issues.

Scaling the Network with NAT and PAT:

In the depletion of the registered IP version 4 (IPv4) there are two various internet scalability challenges in the address space and the scaling and in routing. In the Cisco IOS Port Address Translation (PAT) and the Network Address Translation (NAT) which are the mechanisms for the conserving the registered IPv4 addresses in a very large type of networks and the simplifying the IPv4 address of the management tasks, in these the NAT and the PAT translations of the IPv4 addresses are used in the private internal works of the legal IPv4 addresses for a transport to the other type of the public external networks, mainly as the Internet, with doesn’t need the certain registered type of subnet and an address. In this the traffic which was incoming is used to translate back to the delivered area with was inside the network. In these translations of the addresses IPv4 there is eliminates the certain need for the host renumbering and they allows the same type of IPv4 address in the range which was used in the various and multiple intranets.

Introduction of the NAT:
They uses the NAT in the operation of the Cisco routers and specifically designed for the IPv4 addresses in the conversation and the simplification. In this the NAT is mainly enables the private part of the IPv4 internetworks which are nonregistered address for the IPv4 in order for the connection of the internet. And basically the NAT used to connect the two different networks and then they translates the address of private which was inside local and to the internal network of the public addresses which was inside global and these are before the certain packets are used to forwarded in to the another network. And this type of functionality they can configure the NAT to adverse the one any only one address to the entire network which was outside the world. Additional security can be provided when one only address is advertised effectively hides the network which was internal from the rest of the outside world.